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''Brave New World'' is a novel written in 1931 by Aldous Huxley and published in 1932. Set in London of AD 2540 (632 A.F.—"After Ford"—in the book), the novel anticipates developments in reproductive technology, sleep-learning, psychological manipulation, and classical conditioning that combine profoundly to change society. Huxley answered this book with a reassessment in an essay, ''Brave New World Revisited'' (1958), and with ''Island'' (1962), his final novel. In 1999, the Modern Library ranked ''Brave New World'' fifth on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.〔 This ranking was by the (Modern Library Editorial Board ) of authors.〕 In 2003, Robert McCrum writing for ''The Observer'' included ''Brave New World'' chronologically at number 53 in "the top 100 greatest novels of all time", and the novel was listed at number 87 on the BBC's survey The Big Read.〔("BBC – The Big Read" ). BBC. April 2003, Retrieved 26 October 2012〕 ==Title== ''Brave New World'''s title derives from Miranda's speech in William Shakespeare's ''The Tempest'', Act V, Scene I: This line itself is ironic; Miranda was raised for most of her life on an isolated island, and the only people she ever knew were her father and his servants, an enslaved savage, and spirits, notably Ariel. When she sees other people for the first time, she is overcome with excitement, and utters, among other praise, the famous line above. However, what she is actually observing is not men acting in a refined or civilized manner, but rather representatives of the worst of humanity, who betrayed or tried to betray their brothers or leaders to get ahead. Huxley employs the same irony when the "savage" John refers to what he sees as a "brave new world." Translations of the title often allude to similar expressions used in domestic works of literature in an attempt to capture the same irony: the French edition of the work is entitled ''Le Meilleur des mondes'' (''The Best of All Worlds''), an allusion to an expression used by the philosopher Gottfried Leibniz〔see e.g. 'Leibniz', by Nicholas Jolley (Routledge, 2005)〕 and satirised in ''Candide, Ou l'Optimisme'' by Voltaire (1759). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brave New World」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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